Due to their high efficiency and environmental friendliness, UV (VUV) hydroxyl generators are particularly suitable for small home swimming pools and spas with small water volumes and high water quality requirements. However, due to factors such as limited treatment capacity, sustained disinfection effect and cost-effectiveness, it is rarely used in large commercial swimming pools. Commercial swimming pools tend to use medium-pressure ultraviolet and other technical solutions that are more suitable for large-scale water treatment.

1. Surface discharge (ceramic plate) involves a high-voltage electrode on the surface of a ceramic substrate, discharging along the dielectric surface. Its advantages include a simple structure, low cost, fast startup, and suitability for small devices. However, its disadvantages include low ozone concentration, short lifespan, susceptibility to moisture and aging, low energy efficiency, and the generation of harmful nitrogen oxides. It is only suitable for temporary air and surface oxidation treatments, such as in home air purifiers, vehicle disinfection, and small deodorization devices. It should not be used in water treatment, as this would result in new nitrogen compound contamination in the water.

2. Ceramic plate DBD (Ceramic plate DBD) operates by creating a micron-sized air gap between two ceramic plates, through which oxygen is discharged to generate ozone. Its advantages include high concentration, moderate to high energy efficiency, compact structure, and modularity. However, it requires precision machining, high cooling requirements, and moderate cost. It is suitable for high-concentration ozone water preparation, laboratories, semiconductor cleaning, and medium-sized industrial systems.

3. Glass tube DBD (Glass tube DBD) operates by using a glass tube as a dielectric barrier, with inner and outer electrodes forming an annular air gap, through which oxygen is discharged. Advantages include high ozone production, high concentration, long life, and stable operation. Disadvantages include a complex system, water cooling requirements, large size, unstable concentration, and high operating costs. Suitable for large water plants, municipal sewage, industrial wastewater, and flue gas denitrification.

The key reason Model Ozone's ceramic plate gap discharge ozone generators don't experience significant output degradation like other brands is their combination of two key technologies: an intelligent high-frequency power supply and a ceramic plate micro-gap structure. These technologies systematically address the three major degradation issues of traditional ozone generators: heat accumulation, power supply mismatch, and dielectric aging. Specifically, they address: 1. The intelligent high-frequency power supply provides real-time load matching to prevent discharge degradation; 2. The ceramic plate micro-gap and special dielectric coating inhibit heat accumulation and dielectric aging; and 3. The integrated temperature control design ensures the system maintains a constant operating temperature.

The ModuOzone ozone generator achieves stable output through four key technologies:

1. Precision discharge control, using electronic-grade ceramic dielectric materials and closed-loop power regulation, ensures electric field stability;

2. Efficient thermal management, combining forced air/water cooling with a low thermal resistance structure, suppresses ozone decomposition at high temperatures;

3. An intelligent feedback system monitors and adjusts parameters such as air volume and voltage in real time;

4. Air source pretreatment, drying and filtering the raw gas to reduce interference.

ONYX's UV/O₃/H₂O₂ three-stage advanced oxidation process improves wastewater treatment efficiency through multi-dimensional innovation. This pioneering three-stage synergistic reaction system integrates UV/O₃, O₃/H₂O₂, and UV/H₂O₂ processes. Combined with a 15°-30° tilted UV lamp array and a 45° baffle, the reactor design reduces hydraulic retention time to ≤5 minutes, significantly improving hydroxyl radical generation efficiency. An innovative closed-loop intelligent control system allows for real-time coordinated adjustment of ozone concentration, UV intensity, and H₂O₂ dosage. Combined with a modular ceramic plate ozone generator (with a 10-year lifespan), this maximizes chemical utilization. Compared to traditional processes, COD removal rates are increased by over 30%, energy consumption is reduced by 55%, and the cost per ton of water treated is only 0.74 yuan. The system has a high degree of integration and occupies only 1/3 of the space of traditional processes. It is equipped with a reflux enhancement subsystem to enhance its impact resistance. It has obtained multiple patents and has been selected as an ecological and environmental innovation project case. It is suitable for deep treatment of high-salt and difficult-to-degrade industrial wastewater.

Besides a small amount of indirect reaction itself, ozone in water requires the addition of an external "initiator" or "external energy" to generate hydroxyl radicals. First, in an alkaline environment, OH⁻ can be provided as a chain initiator, such as H₂O₂, or UV or transition metals can be used as electron donors or energy sources to accelerate the decomposition of O₃ to produce hydroxyl radicals. Furthermore, the decomposition of micro-nano ozone bubbles can also generate a large number of hydroxyl radicals.

Yes. Thousands of projects in China and abroad over the past five years have proven that, with proper system design, ozone generators can replace traditional chemical dosing without any additional chemicals, simultaneously performing four major functions in cooling water systems: sterilization, algae removal, scale inhibition, and corrosion control. Their overall benefits are superior to those of chemical methods.

The Model Ozone ozone generator series features a modular design, supporting flexible expansion and N+1 redundancy, easy installation, and efficient space utilization. Its core discharge unit utilizes imported high-purity aluminum-based ceramic plates and a micro-arc oxidation process to achieve high-frequency, uniform discharge. Ozone concentrations can reach up to 240mg/L (oxygen source), while energy consumption is as low as 7kW/kg. Equipped with an intelligent control system, it supports remote monitoring and fault self-diagnosis. Air- and water-cooled versions are available to cover diverse application scenarios, including drinking water disinfection, industrial wastewater treatment, and high-end semiconductor cleaning. They combine high efficiency, stability, and environmental friendliness.

To truly achieve effective swimming pool ozone systems, they must be managed as a comprehensive process chain encompassing oxidation, disinfection, and clarification, rather than simply adding a generator. First, standardized design and selection are essential. Ozone dosage, contact time, and circulation method must be scientifically selected based on actual conditions and treatment objectives. On-site equipment operations must prioritize synergy with chlorine, and key indicators such as ORP, pH, process flow, and filtration pressure differential must be monitored regularly to establish a closed-loop management system. This ensures that ozone's potential for sterilization, algae removal, turbidity removal, and chlorine reduction is fully utilized.

Ceramic plates allow for a thinner discharge gap, and ceramics conduct heat faster than glass. Furthermore, the flat-plate discharge design is more precise and reliable than the cylindrical glass discharge design, resulting in a more efficient and concentrated ozone generation. For example, after grinding and polishing, the ceramic plate has a flatness of < 3 µm, allowing the discharge gap to be mechanically limited to 0.1–0.3 mm. In contrast, the glass tube has a "coaxial annular gap" with a minimum wall thickness of 1.2–1.5 mm; thinner walls can easily crack, resulting in a lower electric field strength. Furthermore, ozone generation is an exothermic reaction, with the decomposition rate increasing 2–3 times for every 10°C increase in temperature. The thermal conductivity of 95% Al₂O₃ ceramic is 24 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹, while that of borosilicate glass is only 1.2–1.4 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹. Therefore, the heat generated during the ceramic plate discharge can be quickly cooled by water cooling, resulting in more stable ozone generation.